However, the percentage of asymptomatic individuals is difficult to estimate as these individuals do not know that they are infected without being examined, typically through a scientific study. Moreover, COVID-19 may be associated with an asymptomatic or pre-symptomatic disease transmission. Parameter values measure the relative contribution of the transmission of COVID-19 from asymptomatic individuals (do not exhibit symptoms during the course of infection) compared to transmission of COVID-19 from pre-symptomatic individuals (do not exhibit symptoms at the time of testing but later during the course of infection). However, these symptoms are similar to that of other viral diseases such as influenza and are therefore not unique features of COVID-19. The commonly reported clinical symptoms of confirmed COVID-19 cases include cough, fever, fatigue, and myalgia. In SARS-CoV-2, it is difficult to differentiate between healthy individuals and COVID-19 cases. Currently, the virus is spread across 215 countries the number of infections is more than 30,399,907 and the number of deaths is over 971,452. The World Health Organization named the disease coronavirus disease 2019 or “COVID-19” and on Madeclared it a pandemic. The novel virus was identified using a deep sequencing analysis of the lower respiratory tract samples. In January 2020, the causative agent for the pneumonia cases was identified as the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
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The regular screening of HCWs for these antibodies is necessary subsequently, a molecular test is recommended for those with seropositive (IgM, IgA, and IgG) samples to assess their viral load and potential shedding.Ī series of pneumonia cases of an unknown cause emerged at the end of 2019 in Wuhan, a city in China's Hubei Province. The current study presented the seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM/IgA and IgG antibodies in HCWs. There were no significant differences observed in the seroprevalence among the different occupations of the HCWs (excluding the pharmacists) with respect to the percentage of their seropositive samples. ResultĪmong the 330 samples, 80 (24.24%) were positive for SARS-CoV-2 IgM/IgA and/or IgG antibodies. Methodīetween April 18 and June 17, 2020, 330 HCWs from five Madinah region-affiliated hospitals underwent a seroprevalence screening for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (immunoglobulin M/IgA and IgG) using indirect ELISA testing. Serological tests such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) are needed to quickly identify a large number of asymptomatic carriers to prevent the further spread of the virus and assess level of possible serological immunity in a community. Thus, assessing the asymptomatic transmission of COVID-19, especially in healthcare workers (HCWs), is crucial for evaluating the efficiency of the current preventive measures.
Moreover, some individuals with COVID-19 present an asymptomatic infection. However, many limitations of the RQ-PCR tests make them unsuitable for the simple and rapid diagnosis of COVID-19 patients. A nucleic acid real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) test of nasopharyngeal samples is the standard method for the diagnosis of an active SARS-CoV-2 infection. The outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been spreading rapidly across the world.
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